Matera, Italy
The Ancient City of Stone and Caves
The Ancient City of Stone and Caves
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Overview
Matera is one of the most unique and ancient cities in the world, a UNESCO World Heritage site and a true marvel of human settlement. The city is famous for its Sassi di Matera, a complex of ancient cave dwellings carved into the limestone rock. For centuries, people lived in these homes, creating a fascinating network of winding alleys, staircases, and homes that cascade down the side of a deep gorge.
Once a place of poverty and neglect, Matera has undergone a remarkable transformation and is now a vibrant cultural center. The Sassi have been revitalized into stylish hotels, unique restaurants, and fascinating museums, all while preserving their historical integrity. A day trip to Matera is an unforgettable journey through time, offering an unparalleled look at a way of life that has endured for millennia.
The best way to experience Matera is to wander through the two Sassi districts: the Sasso Caveoso and the Sasso Barisano. Get lost in the maze of steep alleyways, stairs, and terraces. You will discover incredible views, hidden courtyards, and a sense of history in every stone.
Tip: Wear very comfortable, sturdy shoes with good grip. The stone streets are uneven and can be slippery, and you will be doing a lot of walking.
To understand what life was like in the Sassi, visit a Casa Grotta, a museum that has preserved a traditional cave home with its original furnishings. It provides a fascinating glimpse into the living conditions of families who resided here until the mid-20th century.
Tip: There are several of these museums in both Sassi. Ask a local guide or your tour leader to recommend one that fits your interests.
Matera is home to over 150 rock-hewn churches, many of which contain beautiful frescoes and intricate carvings. These ancient places of worship are integral to the city's identity. The Chiesa di San Pietro Barisano is one of the largest, while the Santa Lucia alle Malve is known for its beautiful frescoes.
Tip: Many of these churches are small and can be missed. Consider a guided tour to ensure you find the most impressive ones and learn about their history.
For a spectacular panoramic view of the entire Sassi and the town of Matera, cross the gorge and hike into the Murgia Materana Park. From here, you can see the full expanse of the cave city carved into the rock face.
Tip: The hike can be challenging. If you are short on time or prefer a less strenuous option, some tours stop at a scenic viewpoint on the other side of the gorge.
Located on the highest point in the city, the Duomo di Matera (Cathedral of Matera) provides a focal point for the entire landscape. Its exterior is a blend of Romanesque and Baroque styles, and its interior is lavishly decorated.
Tip: The terrace in front of the Duomo offers a wonderful view overlooking the Sasso Barisano.
The more modern part of Matera, the Piano, is located above the Sassi. This area features beautiful Baroque architecture, elegant piazzas, and high-end shops and restaurants. It offers a stark contrast to the ancient Sassi below.
Tip: The city's main street, Via del Corso, is a great place to find local goods, cafes, and bakeries.
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