Isla Santa Maria, Galapagos Islands
Also known as Floreana, rich in mystery and wildlife.
Also known as Floreana, rich in mystery and wildlife.
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Overview
Isla Santa María, more commonly known as Floreana Island (or Charles Island), is located in the southern part of the Galápagos archipelago. While it may not boast the same sheer volume of wildlife as some other islands, Floreana is unique for its fascinating and often bizarre human history, filled with eccentric settlers, mysterious disappearances, and pioneer spirit. It was one of the first islands to be inhabited by settlers, whalers, and pirates, leaving behind a legacy that adds a compelling layer to its natural wonders.
Beyond its human intrigue, Floreana offers a diverse range of natural attractions, including distinctive beaches (one green, one made of fine white coral), a crucial post office barrel, and some of the best snorkeling sites in the Galápagos, particularly around the iconic Devil's Crown. It's a blend of raw nature and compelling human stories.
Participate in a unique, centuries-old tradition at Post Office Bay. Since the 18th century, whalers and sailors have used a wooden barrel as an unofficial post office. Leave your unstamped postcard, and sort through those left by others to hand-deliver any destined for your home country or nearby.
Tip: Bring a few postcards and addresses for friends/family. This is a charming and interactive historical experience unique to Floreana.
Visit Punta Cormorant, known for its two contrasting beaches. One is a "Green Beach," named for its olive-green sand due to olivine crystals. The other is a "Flour Beach," made of incredibly fine, white coral sand. Both offer excellent opportunities for relaxed walks and wildlife spotting.
Tip: Be mindful of nesting sea turtles (seasonal) on the beaches. The Green Beach is particularly photogenic.
Behind the Green Beach at Punta Cormorant, there's a saltwater lagoon that is a favored feeding ground for American flamingos, especially between December and May. You can also spot other wading birds like common stilts and white-cheeked pintails.
Tip: Bring binoculars for better birdwatching. The pink flamingos against the green and white sands are stunning.
Just offshore from Floreana is the Devil's Crown, a partially submerged volcanic crater that is arguably one of the best snorkeling and diving sites in the Galápagos. The eroded ring of rocks creates a natural reef, teeming with colorful fish, sea turtles, rays, white-tipped reef sharks, and even occasional hammerhead sharks and Galápagos penguins.
Tip: Currents can be strong, making it better for experienced snorkelers/divers. Wetsuits are recommended. This is a must-do for underwater enthusiasts.
Journey into the highlands to sites like Asilo de la Paz. Here, you can visit a cave used by pirates and early settlers, and see the freshwater spring that sustained human life on the island. Nearby is Baroness Viewpoint, offering panoramic views and a chance to hear the intriguing, often dark, stories of Floreana's early colonists, including the "Baroness" Eloise Bosquet de Wagner Wehrhorn.
Tip: The human history here is as compelling as the wildlife. Some tours may include a visit to the small community of Puerto Velasco Ibarra.
Throughout your visit, especially at landing sites like Punta Cormorant and any beaches you visit, you'll see Galápagos marine iguanas basking on the lava rocks. Galápagos sea lions are also abundant, often found relaxing on the beaches or playing in the water.
Tip: As always, maintain a respectful distance from all wildlife and do not disturb their natural behavior.
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