Isla Fernandina, Galapagos Islands

The youngest and most pristine Galápagos island.

A colony of marine iguanas basking on the dark volcanic rocks of Isla Fernandina, with the ocean and waves crashing in the background.

Overview

Isla Fernandina, Galapagos Islands Cruise Port

Isla Fernandina (Fernandina Island in English), located in the western part of the Galápagos archipelago, is the youngest and westernmost island in the chain. It is one of the most volcanically active islands, dominated by the massive La Cumbre volcano, which regularly erupts, reshaping its landscape. Due to its recent geological formation and frequent volcanic activity, Fernandina is one of the most pristine islands in the Galápagos, with very little human impact.

The island's rugged, stark landscape of black lava flows and sparse pioneer vegetation creates a dramatic backdrop for an astonishing abundance of wildlife. It is particularly famous for its enormous colonies of marine iguanas, as well as flightless cormorants, Galápagos penguins, and sea lions. A visit to Fernandina offers a rare glimpse into the raw, untouched beauty and ongoing geological processes of the Galápagos, showcasing evolution in action.

Top Things to Do in Isla Fernandina, Galapagos Islands

Observe Massive Colonies of Marine Iguanas (Punta Espinosa)

The main visitor site on Fernandina is Punta Espinosa, where you'll encounter truly immense colonies of marine iguanas – thousands of them piled on top of each other on the black lava rocks. Their sheer numbers are breathtaking, and you can watch them bask in the sun, sneeze salt, and even dive for algae.

Tip: This is arguably the best place in the Galápagos to see marine iguanas in such high concentrations. Be careful where you step, as they are everywhere!

Spot Flightless Cormorants

Fernandina is one of the primary nesting sites for the unique flightless cormorant, an endemic bird that, as its name suggests, has lost the ability to fly. Observe these fascinating birds as they dry their vestigial wings and dive for fish.

Tip: They are quite rare and a highlight for birdwatchers. Your guide will likely point them out, as they are often near the water's edge.

Witness Galápagos Penguins and Sea Lions

Keep an eye out for Galápagos penguins zipping through the water or resting on the rocks. While not as abundant as marine iguanas, they are a common sight at Punta Espinosa. Playful sea lions are also frequently seen swimming, resting, and interacting along the shoreline.

Tip: Penguins are more easily spotted in cooler water. Enjoy watching the sea lions' antics, but always maintain a respectful distance.

Explore the Lava Flows and Volcanic Formations

Walk along the boardwalks and designated paths across the rugged black lava flows at Punta Espinosa. Observe the different types of lava (pahoehoe and 'a'a), volcanic fissures, and unique geological formations that are characteristic of this active volcanic island.

Tip: Wear sturdy, closed-toe shoes suitable for walking on uneven volcanic terrain. The landscape is dramatic and otherworldly.

Snorkeling in the Clear Waters

If your tour includes it, snorkeling in the waters off Punta Espinosa offers excellent opportunities to swim with marine iguanas, sea lions, green sea turtles, and various tropical fish. The clear waters provide great visibility for observing the underwater world.

Tip: The water can be cooler here due to the Humboldt Current. Wetsuits are often provided by tour operators and are recommended.

Learn About Volcanic Activity and Pioneer Vegetation

Your naturalist guide will provide fascinating insights into La Cumbre volcano's active geology and the process of pioneer vegetation colonizing the new lava flows. This island offers a tangible lesson in the Galápagos' constant state of geological change and biological adaptation.

Tip: Pay attention to the subtle plant life that manages to thrive in this harsh environment, showcasing resilience.

Overview