Hashima Island (Gunkanjima), Japan

An abandoned island frozen in time.

A haunting view of Hashima Island, also known as Gunkanjima, a deserted city with derelict concrete buildings and a lighthouse standing on a rocky outcrop in the sea.

Overview

Hashima Island (Gunkanjima), Japan Cruise Port

Hashima Island, popularly known as "Gunkanjima" (Battleship Island) due to its striking resemblance to a battleship, is an abandoned and eerie island located about 15 kilometers (9 miles) from Nagasaki city in southern Japan. Originally a small reef, it was dramatically expanded through land reclamation to accommodate a thriving undersea coal mining facility operated by Mitsubishi from the late 19th century until 1974. The island became a densely packed "nano-city," housing over 5,000 residents at its peak in 1959, complete with schools, hospitals, shops, and even a cinema, all within its tiny confines.

After coal was largely replaced by petroleum as Japan's primary energy source, the mine closed in 1974, and the island was abruptly abandoned, leaving behind a haunting collection of concrete apartment blocks and industrial ruins consumed by nature. Today, Gunkanjima stands as a powerful, albeit controversial, symbol of Japan's rapid industrialization during the Meiji era and was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2015 as part of the "Sites of Japan's Meiji Industrial Revolution."

Top Things to Do in Hashima Island (Gunkanjima), Japan

Take a Guided Landing Tour

The only way to visit Hashima Island is via a licensed guided boat tour departing from Nagasaki Port. These tours typically include a boat ride around the island and a landing on designated observation platforms, with guides providing historical commentary.

Tip: Tours are highly weather-dependent and can be canceled at short notice due to rough seas. Book well in advance, especially during peak seasons, and be flexible with your schedule.

Observe the Iconic Silhouette from the Sea

As your tour boat approaches, admire the island's distinctive "battleship" silhouette from the sea. The dense arrangement of concrete buildings and sea walls creates its famous fortress-like appearance.

Tip: The boat ride itself offers excellent photo opportunities of the island's exterior before landing. Be ready with your camera as you approach.

Explore Designated Observation Plazas

Once on the island, visitors are restricted to designated observation plazas and pathways due to the dangerous and crumbling nature of the abandoned buildings. From these safe vantage points, you can view the derelict apartment blocks, schools, and industrial structures.

Tip: Listen carefully to your guide's explanations (often in Japanese, with English audio guides available on some tours) to understand the history of each section.

Capture Haunting Photography

Hashima Island is a photographer's dream for its eerie, post-apocalyptic aesthetic. Capture the decaying concrete, rusted metal, and vegetation reclaiming the urban environment.

Tip: Bring a wide-angle lens for capturing the vastness of the ruins and a telephoto lens for detailed shots of inaccessible areas. Be respectful of the site's solemnity.

Learn About its Industrial History and Life on the Island

During the tour, guides will provide insights into the island's role in Japan's modernization, the daily lives of its thousands of residents, and the harsh conditions endured by miners, including forced laborers during WWII.

Tip: Consider visiting the Gunkanjima Digital Museum in Nagasaki city before or after your tour for a more comprehensive understanding and to see areas of the island not accessible on foot.

Reflect on its Controversial Past

Hashima Island holds a controversial history, particularly concerning the forced labor of Korean and Chinese conscripts during World War II. The visit provides an opportunity to reflect on this difficult aspect of Japan's industrial past.

Tip: Approach the visit with an open mind and a willingness to acknowledge all facets of its history, including the hardships faced by its diverse population.

Overview